Ukuzuza kwinkuthazo edibeneyo yokutshintshana kweebhetri zasekhaya, imigangatho emitsha yesizwe, kunye nokukhula kwemfuno phesheya, ukuthengiswa kwezithuthi zombane ezinamavili amabinihttps://www.qianxinmotor.com/fully-electric-800w-45kmh-dics-braking-scooter-electric-product/eTshayina kuza kudlula izigidi ezingama-54 ngo-2023, kwaye iindlela zokufakelwa kombane kwizithuthi ezinamavili amabini, ukukhanyisa, ubukrelekrele, kunye nothungelwano ziya kuqhubeka ziqina. Indawo enkulu yemarike ibangele imfuno enkulu yeebhetri. Okwangoku, ukungena kweebhetri ze-lithium, iibhetri ze-sodium, kunye nezinye iitekhnoloji kuyakhawuleza, kukhawulezisa ukuphuculwa kunye nokuguqulwa kweshishini lezithuthi zombane ezinamavili amabini.
Ngowama-2030, iibhetri zezithuthi zombane ezinamavili amabini ziya kubonisa indlela “yokudanisa i-lithium sodium lead” kwaye zahlule ihlabathi libe ngamacandelo amathathu. Umkhwa wezithuthi zombane ezinamavili amabini kukutshintsha ukusuka kwiibhetri ze-lead-acid ukuya kwiibhetri ze-lithium kunye ne-sodium. Iibhetri ze-lithium ezinobunzima obuphezulu zinokwenza iimoto zibe lula kwaye zibe nomgama omde. Kwangaxeshanye, ukusetyenziswa kweebhetri ze-sodium kunokucebisa uluhlu lwemveliso yamashishini kwaye kuphucule amandla awo okumelana nomngcipheko.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngenxa yemigangatho emitsha yesizwe, izinga lokungena kweebhetri ze-lithium liye landa ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo, kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo, ixabiso le-lithium carbonate liye lanyuka laya kwi-600000 yuan/ton, kwaye izinga lokungena liye lehla. Abavelisi bakhethe iibhetri ze-lead-acid ezingabizi kakhulu ukulawula iindleko. Kwangaxeshanye, kusekho iingozi ezininzi zokhuseleko kunye nemiba yomgangatho ongalinganiyo kwimarike yeebhetri ze-lithium kwizithuthi ezinamavili amabini.
Kodwa ngamaxabiso azinzileyo ezinto ezikrwada ze-lithium-ion kunye nokuphuculwa ngakumbi komgaqo-nkqubo omtsha wesizwe, inkqubo yokutshintsha i-lead-acid ngeebhetri ze-lithium-ion iya kukhawulezisa kwindawo yemarike yangoku yeebhayisekile zombane ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-350 eTshayina, kunye nokwanda kwezithuthi eziphantse zibe zizigidi ezingama-40 ngonyaka.
Silindele ukuba izinga lokungena kweebhetri ze-lithium kulindeleke ukuba lifikelele malunga ne-50% ngo-2023, elihambelana nomthamo ofakiweyo we-16GWh. Izinga lokukhula kwemfuno edibeneyo kwiminyaka emithathu ezayo liza kufikelela kwi-30%. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, uphuhliso lweebhayisekile zombane ezabelwana ngazo kunye nokuvuthwa kweemodeli zokutshintshana kweebhetri kulindeleke ukuba kuqhubeke nokukhuthaza imarike ekhulayo.
Ngokwembono yendlela yetekhnoloji yebhetri ye-lithium yeemoto ezinamavili amabini, ipateni yemarike ibonakalisa imeko yeendlela ezininzi ezihlala kunye neendawo ezininzi zokusetyenziswa ezichumayo. Ngenxa yeemfuno eziphezulu zokusebenza kakuhle kweebhetri ze-lithium-ion kwizithuthi zombane ezinamavili amabini kunye nomhlaba weenkampani ezisasazekileyo, ubuchwepheshe obahlukeneyo bezinto ze-lithium-ion buyahlala kunye okwangoku. Phantsi kokuhlaziywa okuqhubekayo kunye nokuphuculwa kwetekhnoloji, amashishini aphambili aya kuqalisa iimveliso ezinokusetyenziswa kakuhle kakhulu, nto leyo eya kukhokela umkhwa weshishini.
Kwelinye icala, iibhetri zesodium zinendawo enkulu yokutshintsha kwizithuthi zombane ezinamavili amabini ngenxa yeenzuzo zazo ngexabiso kunye nokhuseleko.
Ngokwembono yomgaqo-nkqubo, ukusukela ngo-2022, amasebe ahlukeneyo afana noMphathiswa wezeMicimbi kunye neTekhnoloji yoLwazi athethe ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngokuqinisa uphando kunye nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji yokugcina amandla anamandla aphezulu njengeebhetri ze-lithium-ion kwizicwangciso zabo zomgaqo-nkqubo. NgoJulayi, iimpawu ezimiselweyo kunye namagama eebhetri ze-sodium ion zacetyiswa ngokusesikweni, kwaye iibhetri ze-sodium ion ziye zaba yinto ephambili ekugxilwe kuyo kuphando nasekuphuculweni kophuhliso.
Ngokwembono yemveliso, ngokusetyenziswa kancinci kancinci kweebhetri ze-sodium ion, iindleko kulindeleke ukuba ziqhubeke nokwehla, kwaye ixabiso lokuthengisa kunye nenzuzo epheleleyo yeebhayisekile ziya kuvuleka ngakumbi.
Ngenxa yokuvuthwa kancinci kancinci kweteknoloji ezinxulumene nebhetri yesodiyam, ukuphuculwa kancinci kancinci kwezixhobo zokuxhasa uthotho lwemizi-mveliso, kunye nokubonakaliswa kancinci kancinci kweziphumo zesikali, kulindeleke ukuba iindleko ezipheleleyo zeebhetri zesodiyam zehle ziye ngaphantsi kwe-0.4 yuan/Wh kwiminyaka emi-5 ezayo, nto leyo ephantse ibe yindleko yeebhetri ze-lead-acid kwaye inenzuzo enkulu kuneendleko zeebhetri ze-lithium. Oku ngokungathandabuzekiyo kuya kukhawulezisa izinga lokungena kweebhetri ze-sodiyam ion kwizithuthi zombane ezinamavili amabini, kwaye uphuhliso lwayo lwemizi-mveliso luya kuqhuba umjikelo omtsha wotshintsho kwizithuthi ezinamavili amabini.
Kuqikelelwa ukuba ubungakanani bemarike yeebhetri zesodiyam buza kufikelela kwi-91GWh kunye ne-1132GWh ngokulandelelanayo ngo-2025 nango-2030. Ubungakanani bemarike yeebhetri zesodiyam buza kugcina ukukhula okukhawulezileyo kwiminyaka esi-8 ezayo, kwaye umthamo wokuthunyelwa kweebhetri zesodiyam kwizithuthi ezinamavili amabini uza kufikelela kwi-8.6GWh ngo-2030.
Lilonke, ishishini lezithuthi zombane ezinamavili amabini liye langena kancinci kancinci kwinqanaba lophuhliso olungenabungozi olulawulwa kukuphuculwa kwemveliso, ukwandiswa kwamandla, ulwakhiwo lwetshaneli, kunye nexabiso lophawu. Ngeli xesha lophuhliso olukhawulezayo kwishishini lezithuthi ezinamavili amabini, kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuba lonke uthotho lweshishini lusebenzisane kwaye luhlolisise iimodeli ezintsha zophuhliso, lwabelane ngobuchwepheshe obutsha obuphambili, kwaye lukhuthaze ukwakhiwa kwenkqubo entsha enempilo yecandelo lonke leebhetri ze-lithium, iibhetri ze-sodium, izithuthi ezinamavili amabini, kunye nokutshintshwa kweebhetri okwabelwana ngazo.
Ixesha leposi: Disemba-18-2023